Mutations that increase cancer risks often cannot be deduced from patient’s family history or screening tests. This includes breast cancer and BRCA mutations. Whole Exome Sequencing or Next Generation Sequencing can help find hidden disease risks. Genome sequencing predicts individual response to medications. Leading cancer expert.

Dr. Nadir Arber, MD. We spoke a lot today about new methods of cancer prevention and screening. Is there a clinical case that you could discuss? Dr. Anton Titov, MD. It illustrates some of the topics in cancer prevention, screening and treatment that we discussed today. Dr. Nadir Arber, MD. We touched upon an important cancer screening topic. Dr. Nadir Arber, MD. We discussed the Whole Genome Sequencing or Whole Exome Sequencing to detect risks of cancer. Dr. Nadir Arber, MD. We found some new significant mutations. Dr. Nadir Arber, MD. We were not able to guess these cancer-causing mutation based on the personal or family history of these patients. Actually, the life of this patient and her family member were saved. This is when we found BRCA mutations in a patient without any history of breast cancer. Especially breast cancer. Sometimes mutation comes from a father. And in males with BRCA mutation breast cancer risk is significantly higher. But it's not that high. Sometimes male relative doesn't have breast cancer despite BRCA mutation. Dr. Anton Titov, MD. His daughters are not aware of BRCA mutation for increased breast cancer risk. And we were able to find it. Dr. Nadir Arber, MD. We did a mammography, we found breast cancer at early stage. They were cured. Dr. Nadir Arber, MD. We also spoke about how to use precision medicine to prevent cancer early. Dr. Nadir Arber, MD. We talked about how to prescribe aspirin or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications to prevent cancer. Another clinical trial that we have done. When you're able to guess based on the genome of this person the likelihood of having efficacy and toxicity of medication. Dr. Nadir Arber, MD. We were able to tell patients. Taking this medication depends on your risk and your willingness to accept this kind of toxicity. If you have a very high risk of developing cancer, then you will be more willing to accept toxicity. Sometimes you have low risk for cancer. Obtain medical second opinion on cancer. Then you are more reluctant to risk of having toxicity from a medication. This is another way how we can combine the future genetic testing with clinical implications to reduce cancer. Finally, the most important is to check healthy people. Healthy people are like new cars. They should be checked annually at facilities like I have established here. Dr. Nadir Arber, MD. We have the integrated cancer prevention center. Now we're widening it. Dr. Nadir Arber, MD. We add another program to check for cardiovascular risks. Cancer and heart disease are two major killers. Once people are here, we do some tests to detect when patient is fine and feeling well. But we are trying to find all kinds of smoldering disease. This is a way to go. This way we'll be able to improve our life. At the same time we make people live longer. It's the best time and the cheapest way to visit a physician when you are completely healthy! Exactly! I also give this talk in China. I don't know if it's true or not, but it's good. The Chinese told me that they are paying the physicians as long as they are feeling well. If they become sick, then the physician failed. Obtain medical second opinion on cancer. Then people stop paying! I don't know if it's true or not. But this makes a lot of sense. That is a story that I was once told about the old Chinese village. A doctor will go around each house and outside of the house there'll be some place where people put money and physician would take it. And if there is no money, then the person became ill and therefore physician should treat the patient. It's certainly a beautiful story that illustrates the true attitude to medicine. I agree! Thank you very much, Professor Nadir Arber! Dr. Nadir Arber, MD. We're going to look forward to reading more of your research. Dr. Nadir Arber, MD. We will read about development of various cancer prevention methods that you are working on. Dr. Nadir Arber, MD. We will publicize them as much as possible to people. Thank you!